A person who makes a textual recording of what is said in court, usually using a stenographic device, shorthand or audio recording, and then makes a transcript of the proceedings upon request. Instructions from a judge to the jury before it begins to deliberate on the factual questions it must answer and the legal rules it must apply. A judicial officer with the power to rule on applications before the courts. Used generically, the term judge can also refer to all judicial officers, including judges of the Supreme Court. see dire – The process by which judges and lawyers select a small jury from among those who have the right to serve by questioning them to determine knowledge of the facts of the case and willingness to decide the case solely on the basis of the evidence presented to the court. “To see said” is an expression that means “to tell the truth”. Grand Jury – A group of citizens who listen to evidence of criminal charges presented by the government and determine if there is a likely reason to believe that the crime was committed. As it is used in federal criminal cases, “the government” refers to the lawyers in the U.S. Attorney`s Office who are prosecuting the case. Grand jury proceedings are closed to the public and the person suspected of having committed the crime is not allowed to be present or to have a lawyer present. States are not required to appoint grand juries, but the federal government must do so under the Constitution. Similar to a preliminary injunction, it is a short-term order from a judge that prohibits certain actions until a full hearing can take place. Often referred to as TRO.
The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code, which provides for the adjustment of the debts of a “family farmer” or a “family fisherman”, as defined in the Bankruptcy Code. The Glossary of Legal Terms defines more than 100 of the most common legal terms in easy-to-understand language. The terms are listed in alphabetical order and can be best accessed by choosing a letter here: The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 abolished probation in favor of a particular penal system in which the sentence is determined by the Sentencing Guidelines. Now, without the possibility of probation, the prison sentence imposed by the court is the real time that the person spends in prison. In criminal law, the constitutional guarantee guarantee guarantees that an accused receives a fair and impartial trial. In civil law, the legal rights of a person who is confronted with an adverse act that threatens freedom or property. ACT, proof. The act of one of the many conspirators, carried out in accordance with the common plan, is proof against all.
An open act of treason must be proven by two witnesses. See open. 2. The Terra. Acts, including written correspondence and other documents relating to the conception of the parties, but whether it contains unpublished writings on abstract issues, although related in nature, has been questioned, Foster`s Rep. 198; 2 Strong. R. 116, 141.
3. In the case of partnership, it is a rule that the act or declaration of one of the two partners to promote the common goal of the association is the act of all. 1 pet. R. 371 5 B. & Ald. 267. 4. And actions. of an agent in the exercise of his authority binds his client. Green. Ev.
§ 113. A court order that prevents one or more designated parties from taking action. An injunction is often issued to allow for the establishment of facts so that a judge can determine whether a permanent injunction is warranted. The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court; Chief Justices are determined by the age of the law as set out in previous court decisions. Synonymous with precedent. Similar to the common law, which stems from tradition and judicial decisions. Section 707(b)(2) of the Bankruptcy Code applies a “resource test” to determine whether an individual debtor`s filing under Chapter 7 is considered an abuse of the Bankruptcy Act that requires a dismissal or conversion of the matter (generally in Chapter 13). Abuse is suspected if the debtor`s aggregate monthly current income (as defined above) over 5 years, less certain expenses permitted by law, is greater than (i) $10,000 or (ii) 25% of the debtor`s unjustified unsecured debt, provided that this amount is at least $6,000. The debtor may rebut a presumption of abuse only by proving special circumstances that justify additional expenses or adjustments to current monthly income. A term used to describe evidence that can be examined by a jury or judge in civil and criminal cases. Government agency empowered to resolve disputes. Judges sometimes use the term “court” to refer to themselves in the third person, as in “the court read the pleadings.” pro se – Latin term meaning “in one`s own name”; In the courts, these are people who present their own case without a lawyer.
The legal power of a court to hear and decide a particular type of case. It is also used as a synonym for jurisdiction, i.e. the geographical area for which the court has jurisdiction to rule on cases. A claim for which no specific value has been determined. A claim or receivable for which a creditor does not have a special guarantee of payment, such as a mortgage or lien; a debt for which credit has been granted solely on the basis of the creditor`s assessment of the debtor`s future solvency. The chapter of the Bankruptcy Act, which provides for “liquidation”, i.e. the sale of a debtor`s unvaccinated assets and the distribution of the proceeds to creditors.
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